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The exam is 150 MCQs in about 180 minutes (as commonly published for the QCHP nursing qualifying exam), four-option single best answer. Question domains follow the shared Gulf nursing core: Nursing Fundamentals, Adult (medical-surgical, critical care, community, mental health) Nursing, Maternal-Child Nursing, and Nursing Management — the structure published in the SCFHS SNLE blueprint. Always confirm current format details in your official applicant materials.
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It is organised into 4 modules that follow the exam's own content areas: Nursing Fundamentals, Adult Nursing, Maternal-Child Nursing and Nursing Management and Leadership. Each module is drilled and scored separately, so you can see exactly which areas are exam-ready and which still need work.
Last updated 6 July 2026. The bank is revised whenever the source material it cites changes, and every question carries the source its explanation is drawn from.
A selection of free questions with answers and source-cited rationales. Use the interactive modules above for timed, scored drills.
A nurse reviews screening guidance for a sexually active woman who is 22 years old. According to the source, this patient should be tested annually for which infections?
Why: The source cites screening guidance that all sexually active women younger than age 25 (as well as women with new or multiple partners or whose partners have an STI) should be tested for gonorrhea and chlamydia annually.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Promotion, 8.5 Reproductive Screening
A patient taking lithium asks the nurse about pain relief options. According to the source, which type of medication is NOT recommended because it increases lithium levels?
Why: The source states that NSAIDs are not recommended for patients taking lithium because they increase lithium levels, which raises the risk of toxicity.
Source: Open RN Nursing Mental Health and Community Concepts 2e, 6.4 Mood Stabilizer - Lithium
According to the source, before receiving a first dose of buprenorphine for opioid withdrawal, the patient must be in what state to avoid worsening symptoms?
Why: The source states buprenorphine can worsen opioid withdrawal if not administered carefully, so the patient must be in a state of mild to moderate withdrawal (COWS score greater than 10) before receiving their first dose, which is typically 2 to 4 mg sublingually.
Source: Open RN Nursing Mental Health and Community Concepts 2e, 14.3 Withdrawal Management/Detoxification
According to the source's Aseptic Non-Touch Technique (ANTT), a 'key part' refers to:
Why: The source defines a key part as any sterile part of equipment used during an aseptic procedure, such as needle hubs, syringe tips, needles, and dressings. A key site, by contrast, is any nonintact skin, potential insertion site, or access site for medical devices.
Source: Open RN Nursing Skills 2e, 4.3 Aseptic Technique
A nurse prepares to administer an IV fluid containing potassium. According to the source, why must the correct infusion rate be maintained?
Why: The source states electrolytes administered via the IV route must always be given cautiously at the correct rate because over supplementation can be deadly; for example, potassium infused too rapidly can cause sudden cardiac arrest.
Source: Open RN Nursing Advanced Skills, 1.2 Basic Concepts of Venipuncture and Intravenous Therapy
Using the CURE hierarchy, a nurse has two competing needs. Which should be addressed first?
Why: The source gives this exact example: a critical need (rapid fluttering heartbeat plus shortness of breath) takes priority over an urgent need (assisting a weak patient on a bed alarm to the restroom). Critical needs require immediate action and never fall below urgent, routine, or extra activities.
Source: Open RN Nursing Management and Professional Concepts, Prioritization
A nurse wants to post about an interesting patient case on social media without using the patient's name. According to the source, what is the appropriate action?
Why: The source states information related to patients, patient care, or health care agencies should never be posted on social media; nurses have been fired for such violations, and even private-group posts can become public. Nurses must not post photos or videos of patients.
Source: Open RN Nursing Fundamentals, Legal and Ethical Considerations
A nurse selects an intramuscular injection site for an adult. Which site does the source identify as preferred, and why?
Why: The source states the ventrogluteal site is preferred in adults because it has the greatest muscle thickness, is free of nerves and blood vessels, and has a small fat layer, giving less painful administration and optimal absorption. The vastus lateralis is preferred for infants, and the deltoid is recommended for vaccinations.
Source: Open RN Nursing Skills 2e, 18.3 Evidence-Based Practices for Injections
A nurse is floated to an unfamiliar unit and is given an assignment that clearly exceeds their skill set and orientation. According to professional nursing guidance in the source, what is the nurse's obligation?
Why: The source states that when floating, the nurse remains accountable under the nursing scope-of-practice regulations and should ensure the assignment fits their skill set and receive orientation; per professional nursing guidance, nurses have an OBLIGATION to refuse an unsafe assignment.
Source: Open RN Nursing Management and Professional Concepts, Health Care Economics
A new mother struggles to cope with the major life changes after the birth of her baby. According to the source's categories of crises, this is an example of which type?
Why: The source categorizes the birth of a baby as a maturational (developmental) crisis, which results from normal processes of growth and development and commonly occurs at specific developmental periods such as birth, adolescence, marriage, and death.
Source: Open RN Nursing Mental Health and Community Concepts 2e, 3.5 Crisis and Crisis Intervention
A protein found in heart muscle cells that is released into the bloodstream when heart tissue dies and helps diagnose myocardial infarction is:
Why: The source identifies troponin as a protein released when heart tissue dies, used to help diagnose myocardial infarction. BNP relates to heart failure, D-dimer to clot breakdown, and creatinine to kidney function.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Alterations, 5.7 Coronary Artery Disease
A nurse manager is discussing time scarcity with staff. Which statement accurately reflects how the source describes time scarcity?
Why: The source describes time scarcity as the feeling of racing against a clock that continually works against the nurse, causing frustration, inadequacy, and burnout, and impairing patient safety through adverse events and increased mortality. Frameworks provide structure so critical interventions are safely implemented first.
Source: Open RN Nursing Management and Professional Concepts, Prioritization
A nurse reviews the drug schedule classification system. According to the source, which statement correctly contrasts Schedule I and Schedule V substances?
Why: The source states Schedule I drugs have a high potential for abuse and severe dependence, whereas Schedule V drugs represent the least potential for abuse. Only Schedule I is described as having no currently accepted medical use, so the options reversing or equating the two schedules are incorrect.
Source: Open RN Nursing Pharmacology 2e, 2.3 Legal Foundations and National Guidelines
According to the source, which medication is the first-line drug for anaphylaxis?
Why: The source states epinephrine (1:1000) is administered as the first-line drug for anaphylaxis. It helps counteract the severe effects by increasing heart rate, improving breathing, and reducing blood vessel dilation.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Alterations, 4.5 Autoimmune and Hypersensitivity Reactions
A patient with an NG feeding tube develops respiratory symptoms suggesting possible aspiration. According to the source, what is the appropriate action?
Why: The source states that if the patient develops respiratory symptoms indicating potential aspiration, the nurse should immediately notify the provider and withhold enteral feedings and medications until placement is verified.
Source: Open RN Nursing Advanced Skills, 5.2 Basic Concepts
A patient asks the nurse to explain a living will. According to the source, a living will does which of the following?
Why: The source defines a living will as an advance directive that specifies which treatments to receive or refuse if incapacitated (for example CPR, mechanical ventilation, tube feeding), typically effective only when specific medical criteria are met. Naming a decision-maker is a durable power of attorney for health care.
Source: Open RN Nursing Management and Professional Concepts, Legal Implications
According to the source, vascular access for hemodialysis is typically established through which of the following?
Why: The source states hemodialysis vascular access is typically established through a surgically created arteriovenous fistula, arteriovenous graft, or central venous catheter, and these access sites are only used for dialysis. A peritoneal catheter is used for peritoneal dialysis.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Alterations, 8.5 Acute Renal Failure
A nurse assigns personal hygiene and ambulation for several patients to a UAP. Who retains overall accountability for these patients' care?
Why: The source states the RN remains accountable for the patient's care despite assignments made to others, and the licensed nurse retains overall accountability for patient care when delegating. Accountability means being answerable for one's choices, decisions, and actions.
Source: Open RN Nursing Management and Professional Concepts, Delegation and Supervision
A patient with influenza (a viral infection) requests an antibiotic. Based on the source, what is true about antibiotics for this patient?
Why: The source states antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections and do not work against viral infections such as colds or influenza. Overprescription of antibiotics for nonbacterial infections is a factor in antibiotic resistance; the nurse educates the patient about effective treatment for the type of pathogen.
Source: Open RN Nursing Fundamentals, 9.5 Treating Infection
A patient being treated for a DVT suddenly develops difficulty breathing, tachycardia, chest pain that worsens with a deep breath, and sudden anxiety. Based on the source, the nurse should recognize these as signs of which complication?
Why: The source lists sudden dyspnea, tachycardia, pleuritic chest pain, hemoptysis, hypotension, and sudden anxiety as signs of pulmonary embolism, an emergency complication of DVT. These do not indicate resolution of the DVT.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Alterations, 5.11 Deep Vein Thrombosis
A nurse cares for a patient with suspected acute myocardial infarction. According to the source, supplemental oxygen should be administered when the SpO2 is below which value or per agency protocol?
Why: The source lists administering oxygen if SpO2 is less than 92% or per agency protocol to help ensure adequate oxygen to the heart tissue. The other thresholds are not the value stated.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Alterations, 5.7 Coronary Artery Disease
According to the source, all patients of which age group admitted for acute health care should be screened for suicidal ideation with a validated tool?
Why: The source states that all patients aged 12 and older admitted for acute health care should be screened for suicidal ideation with a validated tool, such as the Patient Safety Screener, because coexisting mental health issues can cause suicidal ideation.
Source: Open RN Nursing Mental Health and Community Concepts 2e, 1.6 Establishing Safety
When infusing a hypotonic IV solution such as 0.45% normal saline, the source warns that too much fluid shifting out of the intravascular space can cause which complication?
Why: The source states hypotonic solutions cause osmotic movement of water into cells, and if too much fluid moves out of the intravascular compartment, cerebral edema can occur, as well as worsening hypovolemia and hypotension.
Source: Open RN Nursing Advanced Skills, 1.2 Basic Concepts of Venipuncture and Intravenous Therapy
A patient receiving chemotherapy experiences hair loss. According to the source, this occurs because chemotherapy has cytotoxic effects on which cells?
Why: The source states chemotherapy has cytotoxic effects, impacting all cells that are rapidly dividing. This is important for killing cancer cells but also impacts other rapidly dividing cells, such as those in hair follicles, which is why many patients experience hair loss.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Alterations, 4.3 Cancer
Per the source, metformin is used in the treatment of PCOS primarily because it does what?
Why: The source states metformin, a biguanide, can improve cellular sensitivity to insulin and may help restore ovulation in women with abnormal menstrual cycles. Spironolactone is listed separately as the agent used to reduce hyperandrogenism symptoms.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Promotion, 18.18 Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
A nurse uses the CURE hierarchy to organize care during a shift. What do the letters in CURE stand for?
Why: The source states CURE expands the ABCs for novice nurses and stands for Critical, Urgent, Routine, Extras. Critical needs require immediate action, urgent needs cause discomfort or safety risk, routine is typical daily care, and extras are non-essential comfort activities.
Source: Open RN Nursing Management and Professional Concepts, Prioritization
The nurse is planning milieu activities for a patient experiencing acute psychosis. According to the source, which type of activity should be AVOIDED?
Why: The source states that structured activities provide security and focus and physical exercise can decrease tension, but competitive activities should be avoided because they may be too stimulating and can cause escalation of anxiety and agitation.
Source: Open RN Nursing Mental Health and Community Concepts 2e, 11.4 Applying the Nursing Process to Schizophrenia
A nurse calculates a patient's BMI as 27.5. According to the interpretation ranges in the source, how is this value classified?
Why: The source interprets BMI 25-29.9 as overweight. A value under 18.5 is underweight, 18.5-24.9 is the desirable range, and 30 or greater is obese, so 27.5 falls in the overweight category.
Source: Open RN Nursing Fundamentals 2e, 14.3 Applying the Nursing Process
A child returns to the unit after a tonsillectomy and is not fully awake. According to the source, in which position should the nurse place the child?
Why: The source states that post-operatively the patient should be positioned prone or side-lying to prevent aspiration of blood or saliva, and suction equipment should be kept at the bedside.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Promotion, 15.7 Pharyngitis, Tonsillitis, & Adenoiditis
According to the source, hepatitis is considered chronic when the inflammation lasts for what duration?
Why: The source states that when hepatitis lasts six months or less it is considered acute, and when it lasts over six months it is considered chronic.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Alterations, 11.15 Hepatitis
A patient reports chest pressure that reliably occurs when climbing stairs and resolves within five minutes of rest or nitroglycerin. Based on the source, this is characteristic of which condition?
Why: The source describes stable angina as chronic, predictable, exertion-triggered, and relieved within five minutes of rest or nitroglycerin. Unstable angina occurs at rest, lasts longer, and is not fully relieved by rest or nitroglycerin.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Alterations, 5.7 Coronary Artery Disease
According to the source, a patient is typically diagnosed with constipation when they have how many bowel movements?
Why: The source states a patient is typically diagnosed with constipation if they have less than three bowel movements per week. Constipation can result from slowed peristalsis, dehydration, lack of fiber, opioids, or abdominal surgery; the goal of treatment is a bowel movement at least every 72 hours.
Source: Open RN Nursing Fundamentals, 16.6 Constipation
A newborn is receiving phototherapy for hyperbilirubinemia. According to the source, which nursing measure is required during treatment?
Why: The source states that during phototherapy the infant wears only a diaper, the eyes are protected with patches or a mask, and temperature is monitored. Phototherapy works by photooxidation of bilirubin.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Promotion, 12.3 Common Complications During the Neonatal Period
According to the source, what are the six rights of medication administration that must be verified before administering a medication?
Why: The source lists the six rights of medication administration as Right Patient, Right Drug, Right Dose, Right Time, Right Route, and Right Documentation. These must be verified by the nurse at least three times before administering a medication; additional rights (history/assessment, drug interactions, refusal, education) extend the list up to ten.
Source: Open RN Nursing Skills, 15.2 Basic Concepts of Administering Medications
A nurse describes accreditation to a colleague. Which statement accurately reflects accreditation as defined in the source?
Why: The source defines accreditation as a review process determining whether an agency meets an accrediting body's quality standards, with main bodies including the hospital accreditation body (e.g., Joint Commission International, which accredits many Gulf hospitals).
Source: Open RN Nursing Management and Professional Concepts, Quality and Evidence-Based Practice
A child presents with bruises in the shape of a belt, burns in the shape of a cigarette, and fractures that do not fit the reported story. According to the source, these findings most strongly suggest which of the following?
Why: The source lists signs of physical abuse including injuries in the shape of an object such as a belt or cord, unexplained burns in the shape of an object such as a cigarette, and fractures that do not fit the story of how an injury occurred.
Source: Open RN Nursing Mental Health and Community Concepts 2e, 15.4 Abuse and Neglect
The source describes linea nigra as which of the following?
Why: The source defines linea nigra as a vertical line of increased pigmentation that starts at the pubic hairline, passes through the umbilicus, and goes up to the xiphoid process. Melasma is the facial 'mask of pregnancy'; striae gravidarum are stretch marks; and the rash near striae is PUPPP.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Promotion, 9.4 Changes During Pregnancy
The source states the enlarging uterus places pressure on the vena cava beginning around which gestational age, prompting the nurse to teach lateral resting positions?
Why: The source states the enlarging uterus places pressure on the vena cava starting around 28 weeks of gestation, producing vena cava syndrome (dizziness, weakness, nausea when supine). Patients are taught to rest in a lateral position rather than flat on the back once they reach 28 weeks.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Promotion, 9.5 Common Discomforts of Pregnancy
According to the source, thrombocytopenia is characterized by a decreased number of which blood component?
Why: The source defines thrombocytopenia as a decreased number of platelets in the blood, which may occur due to factors affecting platelet production, destruction, or utilization.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Alterations, 3.10 Thrombocytopenia
During NG tube insertion, the patient begins coughing, and pulse oximetry readings decrease with cyanosis. According to the source, what should the nurse do?
Why: The source states the nurse should monitor for signs of incorrect placement such as coughing, decreased pulse oximetry, and cyanosis; if these occur, the tube should immediately be withdrawn until normal breathing resumes.
Source: Open RN Nursing Advanced Skills, 5.2 Basic Concepts
A patient reports taking several herbal supplements. Which statement about herbals and supplements is supported by the source?
Why: The source states herbal and supplement substances are not regulated as medicines by the national drug regulatory authority and most have not undergone rigorous scientific testing, so there is no guarantee they contain the labeled ingredients. There is a potential for adverse effects or overdose, especially if the supplement contains the same drug as a prescription.
Source: Open RN Nursing Pharmacology 2e, 1.8 Medication Types
A fetus has been diagnosed with an omphalocele on prenatal ultrasound. According to the source, how is a fetus with omphalocele typically delivered, and why?
Why: The source states a fetus with omphalocele is typically delivered by cesarean section due to risk for sac rupture. In omphalocele the organs protrude through the umbilicus covered in a thin, nearly transparent sac that usually is intact at birth.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Promotion, 20.6 Congenital and Genetic Disorders
A patient in the operating room develops malignant hyperthermia. Which medication should the team be prepared to administer as the drug of choice?
Why: The source states the entire surgical team must be prepared to administer dantrolene sodium, a skeletal muscle relaxant, which is considered the drug of choice for treating malignant hyperthermia. Immediate action is essential for survival.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Alterations, 2.2 Basic Concepts Related to Surgery
A patient taking a second-generation antipsychotic is being monitored for adverse effects. According to the source, second-generation antipsychotics are particularly associated with which risk?
Why: The source states second-generation antipsychotics have a significantly decreased risk of extrapyramidal side effects but are associated with weight gain and the development of metabolic syndrome. Weight, glucose, and lipids should be monitored before treatment and annually.
Source: Open RN Nursing Mental Health and Community Concepts 2e, 11.3 Schizophrenia
According to the source, who or what is considered the PRIMARY source of subjective data during a health history?
Why: The source states the patient is the primary source of subjective data. Secondary sources include the patient's chart, family members, or other health care team members. If data is gathered from someone other than the patient, the nurse should document where the information was obtained.
Source: Open RN Nursing Skills 2e, 2.2 Health History Basic Concepts
A patient with acute methamphetamine intoxication develops severe agitation and hyperthermia. According to the source, which intervention should be AVOIDED?
Why: The source states physical restraints should be avoided because patients who physically struggle against restraints undergo isometric muscle contractions associated with lactic acidosis, hyperthermia, sudden cardiac collapse, and death. IV benzodiazepines and cooling are used instead.
Source: Open RN Nursing Mental Health and Community Concepts 2e, 14.2 Substances: Use, Intoxication, and Overdose
A nurse needs to assess pain in a patient with advanced dementia who cannot verbally report pain. According to the source, which tool is most appropriate?
Why: The source identifies PAINAD as a simple, valid, reliable instrument for assessing pain in noncommunicative patients with advanced dementia. A numeric scale requires verbal report, FACES requires the patient (not nurse) to choose a face, and the COMFORT scale is validated for mechanically ventilated children.
Source: Open RN Nursing Fundamentals 2e, 11.3 Pain Assessment Methods
According to the source, orders for the use of seclusion or restraint:
Why: The source states orders for seclusion or restraint can never be written as a standing order or PRN (as needed), and that after an order expires a practitioner must reassess the patient before a new order. PRN or standing orders and indefinite renewal are explicitly prohibited.
Source: Open RN Nursing Fundamentals 2e, 5.7 Restraints
According to the source, menopause is defined as how many months of amenorrhea?
Why: The source states menopause refers to 12 months of amenorrhea, typically occurring between ages 40 and 59, with the average age being 51 years old. Perimenopause ends when menses has ceased for 12 months.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Promotion, 18.17 Perimenopause and Menopause
A nurse tells a patient, 'I will be back in an hour to check your pain,' and returns as promised. Which ethical principle does this demonstrate?
Why: The source defines fidelity as keeping promises, giving the exact example of telling a patient 'I will be back in an hour to check your pain' and then doing so.
Source: Open RN Nursing Management and Professional Concepts, Ethical Practice
According to the source describing the QSEN informatics competency, which of the following are examples of informatics technologies used by nurses?
Why: The source lists informatics technologies as electronic medical records (EMRs), bedside medication administration (barcode) devices, smart IV pumps, and medication distribution systems, and states nurses must maintain informatics competence.
Source: Open RN Nursing Management and Professional Concepts, Advocacy
According to the source, preeclampsia commonly presents at which point and is characterized by which findings?
Why: The source states preeclampsia is new onset of hypertension (>=140/90) and proteinuria, or hypertension plus significant end-organ dysfunction, in a previously normotensive patient, commonly presenting after 20 weeks of gestation or during the postpartum period.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Promotion, 19.5 Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
According to the source, constipation refers to difficult bowel movements or fewer than how many bowel movements in a week?
Why: The source defines constipation as difficult bowel movements or fewer than three bowel movements in the span of a week. The most common type in children is functional constipation.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Promotion, 16.7 Constipation (Pediatric)
According to the source, infants born to mothers with diabetes tend to have which characteristics?
Why: The source states that infants of mothers with diabetes tend to be large for gestational age and are likely to have hypoglycemia soon after birth. High maternal blood sugar in early pregnancy can also cause congenital anomalies.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Promotion, 19.2 High-Risk Pregnancy
According to the source, persistent depressive disorder (formerly dysthymia) requires depressive symptoms be present most of the day, more days than not, in adults for at least what duration?
Why: The source states that persistent depressive disorder is a chronic form of depression that is typically less severe than major depressive disorder but lasts longer; in adults symptoms must be present most of the day, more days than not, for at least two years.
Source: Open RN Nursing Mental Health and Community Concepts 2e, 7.3 Types of Depression
A patient in Phase 3 of a crisis is yelling. Which nurse statement is an example of therapeutic limit-setting rather than a threat, according to the source?
Why: The source contrasts limit-setting with threats. Limit-setting describes the desired behavior (for example, 'Please sit down. I will have to call for assistance if you can't control your emotions'), whereas making threats is nontherapeutic.
Source: Open RN Nursing Mental Health and Community Concepts 2e, 3.5 Crisis and Crisis Intervention
The nurse teaches a class on the chain of infection. According to the source, which link is described as 'the vehicle by which the organism is transferred, such as physical contact, inhalation, or injection'?
Why: The source defines the mode of transmission as the vehicle by which the organism is transferred, such as physical contact, inhalation, or injection. The portal of exit is how the organism leaves the reservoir, the reservoir is where it grows, and the susceptible host is the individual it invades.
Source: Open RN Nursing Fundamentals 2e, 9.6 Preventing Infection
A nurse is preparing a patient for general anesthesia and reinforces the need to remain NPO. Why does general anesthesia require the patient to have an empty stomach?
Why: The source states that general anesthesia requires an empty stomach to reduce the risk of aspiration, whereas local anesthesia can be administered regardless of the patient's eating status. Fasting status is a key characteristic affecting anesthesia selection.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Alterations, 2.2 Basic Concepts Related to Surgery
According to the source, research suggests the LGBTQ population experiences health disparities linked to which of the following?
Why: The source states research suggests LGBTQ individuals experience health disparities linked to societal stigma, discrimination, and denial of their civil rights, with high rates of mental health disorders, substance misuse, suicide, and experiences of violence and victimization.
Source: Open RN Nursing Mental Health and Community Concepts 2e, 17.2 Vulnerable Populations
According to the source, maternal urinary output in the first 24 hours postpartum may be as much as what volume?
Why: The source states maternal urinary output may be as much as 3,000 mL in the first 24 hours as extracellular fluid shifts back into the intravascular system. Patients are encouraged to void when they feel the urge to reduce urinary tract infection risk.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Promotion, 11.2 Postpartum Physiological Adaptations
A nurse uses bar code medication scanning at the bedside. Which statement reflects the source's guidance on this technology?
Why: The source states bar code scanning should be used in addition to performing the five rights of medication administration, not in place of it. Errors flagged during scanning should be investigated, not dismissed as glitches, because they may signal a genuine safety concern.
Source: Open RN Nursing Pharmacology 2e, 2.3 Legal Foundations and National Guidelines
Immediately after delivery, a newborn is breathing and crying with good tone, even though the amniotic fluid contained meconium. According to the source, what is the appropriate action?
Why: The source states newborns who are breathing and/or crying can be placed skin-to-skin with their parent and do not require routine tactile stimulation or suctioning, even if the amniotic fluid was notable for meconium, because suctioning can cause bradycardia.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Promotion, 20.9 Neonatal Resuscitation
A nurse assesses the home of an older adult who prefers to live independently. According to the source, which modification promotes safety and reduces fall risk?
Why: The source states home modifications to promote safety and independence may include grab bars, elevated toilet seats, good lighting, minimization of clutter, and removal of rugs throughout the home. Assessment of the home environment for safety and ease of mobility is an important aspect of home care nursing.
Source: Open RN Nursing Fundamentals 2e, 19.2 Older Adult Basic Concepts
Immediately after a patient's tonic-clonic seizure ends, which nursing action does the source identify to prevent aspiration?
Why: The source states that after a seizure, the nurse should keep the patient on their side to prevent aspiration and ensure the airway is open and patent. There is often a period of confusion after a tonic-clonic seizure, so a safe environment is maintained.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Alterations, 9.7 Seizures and Epilepsy
A care plan states to ambulate the patient 100 feet three times daily. This morning the patient reports dizziness and blood pressure is 90/60 mmHg. What is the nurse's best action?
Why: The source uses this exact example: using critical thinking and clinical judgment, the nurse decides not to implement a planned intervention that is no longer safe. The decision and supporting assessment findings should be documented, communicated during handoff, and the provider notified of the change in condition.
Source: Open RN Nursing Fundamentals, 4.7 Implementation of Interventions
According to the source, hot flashes and night sweats during perimenopause and menopause are collectively known as which type of symptoms?
Why: The source states vasomotor symptoms, commonly known as hot flashes and night sweats, are common symptoms of perimenopause and menopause. These episodes involve sudden intense heat with skin flushing, perspiration, palpitations, and discomfort lasting several minutes.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Promotion, 18.17 Perimenopause and Menopause
A patient taking lithium reports nausea, vomiting, thirst, and fine hand tremors. According to the source, these early signs of lithium toxicity are associated with which serum level range?
Why: The source lists early signs of lithium toxicity (less than 1.5 mEq/L) as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, thirst, polyuria, slurred speech, muscle weakness, or fine tremors. These should be promptly reported to the provider.
Source: Open RN Nursing Mental Health and Community Concepts 2e, 6.4 Mood Stabilizer - Lithium
A nurse monitors a patient's chest tube drainage. According to the source, drainage averaging more than which amount for 4 hours should be reported because it may indicate vascular injury requiring surgical repair?
Why: The source states the provider should be notified if drainage averages more than 200 mL/hour for 4 hours, as this may indicate a vascular injury that requires surgical repair. The other amounts are not the threshold stated.
Source: Open RN Nursing Advanced Skills, 6.3 Nursing Responsibilities for Clients With Chest Tube Drainage Systems
Evidence supports bedside handoff reports. According to the source, what benefit do bedside handoff reports provide compared with other formats?
Why: The source states evidence strongly supports that bedside handoff reports increase patient safety, as well as patient and nurse satisfaction, by communicating current, accurate patient information in real time; patient privacy and confidentiality rules must still be kept in mind if others are present.
Source: Open RN Nursing Fundamentals, Communicating With Health Care Team Members
Using a Doppler device, at what point in gestation does the source state fetal heart tones can first be heard?
Why: The source states fetal heart tones can be heard by Doppler as early as ten weeks' gestation, which is a positive sign of pregnancy. The other options do not match the value given in the text.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Promotion, 9.3 Diagnosing Pregnancy
According to the source, a normal heart's ejection fraction falls within which range?
Why: The source states a normal ejection fraction is between 55 and 70 percent, and patients with left-sided heart failure have measurements less than 55 percent. The other ranges are not stated.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Alterations, 5.8 Heart Failure
The source notes NG tube placement may be contraindicated in patients with suspected head trauma because of the risk of misplacement through which structure?
Why: The source states the cribriform plate is a very thin bone that, if fractured, could provide a direct portal into the brain; for this reason NG placement in patients with suspected head trauma may be contraindicated, risking intracranial placement.
Source: Open RN Nursing Advanced Skills, 5.2 Basic Concepts
A community health nurse is caring for rural residents. According to the source, which of the following is a rural risk factor for health disparities?
Why: The source states rural risk factors for health disparities include geographic isolation, lower socioeconomic status, higher rates of health risk behaviors, limited access to health care specialists, and limited job opportunities, intensified by lower rates of insurance coverage.
Source: Open RN Nursing Mental Health and Community Concepts 2e, 17.2 Vulnerable Populations
According to the source, how many oxygen molecules can each hemoglobin protein carry, and what is the term when all sites are filled?
Why: The source states each hemoglobin protein is capable of carrying four oxygen molecules, and when all four sites contain an oxygen molecule it is referred to as 'saturated.' The majority of oxygen is transported through the body attached to hemoglobin within red blood cells.
Source: Open RN Nursing Fundamentals, 8.2 Oxygenation Basic Concepts
A newborn shows coughing, choking, and cyanosis during feeding. According to the source, these 'Three C's' are the most common signs of which condition?
Why: The source states the most common signs of esophageal atresia are the 'Three C's' during feeding: Coughing, Choking, and Cyanosis. It often occurs with a tracheoesophageal fistula.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Promotion, 20.6 Congenital and Genetic Disorders
Malignant hyperthermia is described by the source as an inherited muscle disorder triggered by which category of agents?
Why: The source states malignant hyperthermia is triggered by certain drugs used for general anesthesia, specifically inhaled anesthetic agents or the muscle relaxant succinylcholine. It leads to increased calcium in muscle cells and heightened muscle metabolism.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Alterations, 2.2 Basic Concepts Related to Surgery
A competent patient refuses a recommended treatment after being fully informed. The nurse supports the patient's decision even though the nurse disagrees. Which ethical principle is the nurse upholding?
Why: The source defines autonomy as the individual's right to self-determination and decision-making based on their own values; it is the nurse's primary ethical obligation, and patients may refuse care. Nurses support informed choices with nonjudgmental unconditional positive regard even when they disagree.
Source: Open RN Nursing Management and Professional Concepts, Ethical Practice
The source states the uterine fundus can first be palpated at which gestational age?
Why: The source states that if the patient is at 12 or more weeks of gestation, the fundus can be palpated. The earlier weeks do not match the value given in the text.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Promotion, 9.8 First Trimester Prenatal Care
A correctional nurse is planning re-entry services. According to the source, releasees are nearly 13 times more likely to die in the two weeks following release, most commonly from which cause?
Why: The source states that while mortality rates within prisons are comparable to the general population, releasees are nearly 13 times more likely to die in the two weeks following their release, and the most common cause of death is overdose.
Source: Open RN Nursing Mental Health and Community Concepts 2e, 17.2 Vulnerable Populations
According to Erikson's theory as described in the source, which psychosocial stage applies to the infant?
Why: The source states that according to Erikson's theory, infants are in the trust vs. mistrust stage; if basic needs are consistently met, they develop trust.
Source: Open RN Nursing Health Promotion, 13.3 Stages of Child Development